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"At a mile distant their thousand hooves were stuttering thunder, coming at a rate that frightened a man - they were an awe inspiring sight, galloping through the red haze - knee to knee and horse to horse - the dying sun glinting on bayonet points..." Trooper Ion Idriess

The Australian Light Horse Studies Centre aims to present an accurate history of early Australian military developments from 1899 to 1920.

WARNING: This site contains: names, information and images of deceased people; and, language which may be considered inappropriate today.

Contact: Australian Light Horse Studies Centre

Sunday, 28 June 2009

AIF & MEF & EEF, Glossary of Gallipoli Terms
Topic: AIF & MEF & EEF

AIF & MEF & EEF

Glossary of Gallipoli Terms

The following is a glossary of common place names at Anzac on the Gallipoli Peninsular.

Gallipoli	-

Aghyl Dere	-	Sheepfold Valley
Anafarta	-	There are two villages inland from Suvla Bay called Buyuk (Big) Anafarta and Kuchuk (Small) Anafarta.
Anzac Gully	-	The gully that housing corps and divisional headquarters.
Apex	-	A knoll on Rhododendron Ridge.
Ari Burnu	-	At the north end of Anzac Cove.
Australia Valley	-	Running off north from Aghyl Dere.
Baby 700	-	[Tk: Kiliç Bairi] A hill on the Second Ridge.
Battleship Hill	-	[Tk: Düztepe] Hill between Baby 700 and Chunuk Bair.
Bauchop's Hill	-	Hill between the Aghyl Dere and Chailak Dere.
Broadway	-	A wide trench from Walker's Ridge to the back of Russell's Top.
Bully Beef Sap	-	A communication trench from Russell's Top to Monash Gully.
Canterbury Slope	-	On the slopes of Rhododendron Ridge
Chailak Dere	-	[Tk: Creviced Valley] A valley south of Aghyl Dere, from Chunuk Bair to Ocean Beach
Chessboard	-	A Turkish position south of The Nek named because the trenches constructed on it like the layout of a chessboard.
Chunuk Bair	-	[Tk: Conkbayiri] 860foot hill in the centre of the 'Sari Bair' range.
Destroyer Hill	-	A hill mid way between Rhododendron Ridge and No. 1 Post.
Farm, The	-	[Tk: Sari Tarla] Plateau just below the Chunuk Bair.
Fisherman's Hut	-	Stone hut between the sea and Sazli Beit Dere.
Gaba Tepe	-	[Tk: Kaba Tepe] A headland south of the Anzac Cove.
Happy Valley	-	A valley north of Walker's Ridge and below Turks' Point.
Hill 60	-	[Tk: Bomba Tepe] A 60 metres high hill between the Kaiajik Dere and the Asma Dere.
Hill 971	-	[Tk: Kocaçimen Tepe] A 971 foot hill in the Sari Bair Range.
Kaiajik Dere	-	[Tk: Little Rock Valley] A well near Hill 60.
Malone's Gully	-	A dry riverbed from The Nek running between Happy Valley and No. 1 Post.
Mule Gully	-	A gully between The Sphinx and Walker's Ridge where the Indian Supply Corps hid their mules.
Nek, The	-	[Tk: Boyun] A narrow piece of land between Russell's Top and Baby 700.
Old No 3 Outpost	-	A hillock inland from Fisherman's Hut.
Outpost No 1	-	Located by the sea between Malone's Gully and Fisherman's Hut.
Outpost No 2	-	Located north of Fisherman's Hut and by the sea.
Outpost No 3	-	[Tk: Haliden Rizar Tepesi] North of No. 2 Outpost
Reserve Gully	-	A 'rest' gully between Plugge's Plateau and The Sphinx.
Rhododendron Spur or Ridge	-	A ridge running off Chunuk Bair and between Chailak Dere and Sazli Beit Dere.
Russell's Top	-	A small plateau between the Nek and Plugge's Plateau.
Sazli Beit Dere	-	A seasonal river running from Chunuk Bair to the sea near Fisherman's Hut.
Sphinx, The	-	[Tk: Sari Bair] A knife like promontory from Walker's Ridge to the sea.
Table Top	-	[Tk: Pilav Tepe] A hill Sazli Dere captured on 6 August 1915.
W Hills	-	[Tk: Ismailoglu Tepe] Held by the Turks overlooking the southern end of the Anafarta Spur and Hill 60.
Walker's Ridge	-	A sharp ridge from Russell's Top towards the sea.

Further Reading:

Battles where Australians Fought

AIF, MEF and the EEF

Citation: AIF & MEF & EEF, Glossary of Gallipoli Terms

Posted by alh-research at 12:01 AM EADT

Updated: Thursday, 9 July 2009 9:47 PM EADT

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Détachement Français de Palestine et Syrie, 1er Regiment Mixte de Cavalerie Du Levant
Topic: AIF - DMC - French

Détachement Français de Palestine et Syrie

1er Regiment Mixte de Cavalerie Du Levant

1er Regiment Spahis

The 1er Regiment Mixte de Cavalerie Du Levant was a French cavalry regiment added to the 5th Australian Light Horse Brigade and attached to the Australian Mounted Division on 26 July 1918. This Composite French Regiment was formed from two colonial regiments, they being one squadron each of 1er Regiment Spahis and 4er Regiment Spahis; and, two of 4er Regiment de Marche Chausseurs d'Afrique.

Structure

The Australian Light Horse – Structural outline
Australian Light Horse Order of Battle

Corps

Desert Mounted Corps (DMC)

Division

Australian Mounted Division

Brigade

5th Australian Light Horse Brigade

Regiment

1er Regiment Mixte de Cavalerie Du Levant

History

Further Reading:

AIF, MEF and the EEF

Détachement Français de Palestine et Syrie

Citation: Détachement Français de Palestine et Syrie, 1er Regiment Mixte de Cavalerie Du Levant

Posted by alh-research at 12:01 AM EADT

Updated: Monday, 20 July 2009 11:31 AM EADT

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3rd NSW Mounted Rifles, Contents
Topic: BW - NSW - 3NSWMR

3rd NSW Mounted Rifles

Contents

Items

3rd NSW Mounted Rifles, Nominal Roll

Roll of Honour

Alfred John ALLINGHAM

Aubrey Vincent APTHORPE

Harry Monsell BAYLISS

William Thomas BERRIMAN

Isaac BEWLEY

Norman Victor CAMERON

Andrew McKenzie CAMPBELL

Alexander John Henry CHISHOLM

Ralph CUMMING

Joseph DALEY

George Jennings DICKSON

Victor DOWNES

Alfred EAGLE

George GANDER

James Mackey GRAY

William Charles JACKSON

James Henry JACOBS

Hugh Trevor JONES

Joseph Edward LEFOE

Herbert William LENON

Walter MASON

Norman MCCAULEY

David Frederick MILLER

William MONTGOMERIE

John Francis NEARY

Oswald Saunders PITT

Thomas H lton POWELL

Alfred RICHARDS

Robert RICHARDS

Frederick Winter RUSSELL

Edwin SAMS

Cecil Selwyn SMITH

Sydney James SMITH

William STRACHAN

Thomas STURGEON

Graham Voller Dalhousie TREATT

Charles Thomas Elisha TURNER

Henry WILLIAMS

Charles WILSON

William WOOD

Lest we forget

Further Reading:

Boer War - NSW

3rd NSW Mounted Rifles

Citation: 3rd NSW Mounted Rifles, Contents

Posted by alh-research at 12:01 AM EADT

Updated: Friday, 24 July 2009 11:06 AM EADT

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The Volunteer Movement in Western Australia, Finance
Topic: Militia - LHW - WA

Western Australian Militia

Finance

The following is an extract from the book written in 1962 by George F. Wieck called The Volunteer Movement in Western Australia 1861-1903, pp. 73 - 74:

Finance

Lack of adequate finance has ever been the peacetime bugbear of armed forces. Money spent in this way is not an investment but an insurance which returns not interest or dividends but an intangible bonus in the form of fighting efficiency which varies according to the amount of premium and the way it is applied. A soldier must be dressed, armed, equipped and trained to a standard at least equal to that of any likely opponent. Except in time of national emergency, the average politician is ever ready to whittle down the amounts asked for by this non-revenue producing organization without which it cannot make any worthwhile progress.

The Executive Council of the Colony was always short of funds for developmental works and had little to spare for Defence. It adopted the cheapest possible form and for some years the Volunteer Movement had a hand-to-mouth existence. No definite allocation of funds was made until 1884 when the Budget set aside the modest sum of £540 as Capitation Fees for 540 efficient Volunteers.

During the period 1862-72 the annual cost was small, being confined to an allowance of 10/- per efficient, plus a small amount for ammunition and an occasional purchase of weapons. In 1874 the estimated cost of raising a Company of Infantry of 67 all ranks was £250. Calculated over successive quinquennial periods the average annual per capita cost was as follows:- (Figures in parenthesis indicate number of men under arms)

1873-77 = £1/18/2 - (365) ,

1878-82 = £3/7/- - (588),

1883-87 = £5/7/6 - (578),

1888-92 = £5/15/1 - (610),

1893-95 = £12/19/- - (737).

The original allowance of 10/- per efficient was increased to 15/- in 1872, to 20/- in 1882, and to 30/- in 1886. Other factors were

(a) More and better weapons,

(b) Purchase of camp and training equipment,

(c) Payment of Staff and Instructors,

(d) Erection of buildings and defence works.

The fighting value of the average Volunteer was infinitely higher in 1895 than it was in 1872 if the premium was higher so was the dividend.

Previous: Rifle Ranges

Next: Organization and Training

Further Reading:

Western Australian Militia, Light Horse

Western Australian Militia, Infantry

Citation: The Volunteer Movement in Western Australia, Finance

Posted by alh-research at 12:01 AM EADT

Updated: Friday, 4 September 2009 6:52 PM EADT

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Australian Light Horse, Regimental Administration, Nominal Rolls
Topic: AIF - Lighthorse

Australian Light Horse

Regimental Administration

Nominal Rolls

Within the AIF, in continuation with the British military practice and hence Australian Militia practice, every call on the public purse needed to be accounted. As votes for moneys to supply the material, food and wages of the military came from parliament, the expending of those items was in accordance of the accounting standards of the day. When a person enlisted and was accepted as a recruit, there was a call on the public purse to provide for the individual. Units had legislated peace and war strengths which they were not permitted to exceed. Thus to maintain the expectations of prudent guardianship of the public purse, each person was required to be registered on a roll of a particular unit. This required the production of a regular Nominal Roll. For the smaller parts of the units such as Squadrons or Companies, it was a daily procedure. Reports were then sent to centres advising when an entry has been made into the Nominal Roll. Occasionally these reports contained additional messages on the right hand side of the report. These messages were important as they required further action.

In the case of the light horse, the Squadron was paraded every morning. In this parade two major functions occurred.

1. Roll Call

2. Reading of the Regimental Routine Orders

After the marking of the rolls, any movement of troops in or out of the Squadron were accounted for through movement slips and a cross reference onto the Squadron Roll. Any changes were notified to Regimental Headquarters who then sent this information by way of reports up the line through Brigade, Division, Corps and Third Echelon.

Under extraordinary circumstances roll calls were also taken. These might be emergencies, police actions, battles and other singular occasions.

The Nominal Roll formed the basis for:

1. Ordnance;

2. Rations; and,

3. Payroll.

After the Great War, a purge of all accumulated paper work occurred and many rolls were burnt. The logic being that the information existed on the individual soldier's file and thus retaining that information would be superfluous to record needs. Sadly, very few documents of this nature survived this purge. The Australian War Memorial holds 848 individual Nominal Rolls within their AWM 9 series, a very small percentage of the actual rolls available after the war. Other rolls exist in Routine Orders but these are rare finds indeed. Other rolls are to be found in newspapers on special occasions.

Further Reading:

Australian Light Horse

Militia 1899 - 1920

Citation: Australian Light Horse, Regimental Administration, Nominal Rolls

Posted by alh-research at 12:01 AM EADT

Updated: Wednesday, 9 September 2009 5:12 PM EADT

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The Australian Light Horse Studies Centre is a not for profit and non profit group whose sole aim is to write the early history of the Australian Light Horse from 1900 - 1920. It is privately funded and the information is provided by the individuals within the group and while permission for the use of the material has been given for this site for these items by various donors, the residual and actual copyright for these items, should there be any, resides exclusively with the donors. The information on this site is freely available for private research use only and if used as such, should be appropriately acknowledged. To assist in this process, each item has a citation attached at the bottom for referencing purposes.

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