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Biographical Research Links
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"At a mile distant their thousand hooves were stuttering thunder, coming at a rate that frightened a man - they were an awe inspiring sight, galloping through the red haze - knee to knee and horse to horse - the dying sun glinting on bayonet points..." Trooper Ion Idriess
The Australian Light Horse Studies Centre aims to present an accurate history as chroniclers of early Australian military developments from 1899 to 1920.
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Great War
Contents
Items:
Henry Venn King, the oldest known man in the AIF
Further Reading:
Great War, Military Biographies
Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920
The Battle for Hill 60
Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
Report by Captain McSharry to General Monash
Report by Captain McSharry to General Monash, 27 August 1915
The following is a report by Captain McSharry to General Monash at the commencement of the battle at Hill 60.
15th Battalion 27/28 August 1915
To 4th Brigade Headquarters
From 6 a.m. 27th until 4 p.m. same date things on our front were quiet. When bombardment opened at 4 p.m. this firing line was manned with every spare man and when enemy were disturbed fire was directed on them and from the time attack was launched a continuous fire was kept up with rifles and machine guns on enemy trenches.
Fifty men from this battalion under Lieutenant Coombs composed part of the right force and fifty under Lieutenant Corrigan were in reserve.
On account of the smoke etc very little could be seen of operations from this post.
The reserve party of 50 men under Lieutenant Corrigan are in bivouac but the party of 50 under Lieutenant Coombs (who have suffered casualties) none have reported back to bivouac. Lieutenant Coombs who is slightly wounded is doing some sapping work for Major Margolin and he has five men with him. Of the others he has no trace but hopes many of them may have worked away to the left and are now in the firing line. I am trying to trace them. Casualties approximate: 1 Officer, Lieutenant Coombs wounded; Other Ranks, 10 killed; and 20 wounded.
Signed: TP McSharry, Captain.
The disappearence of men under his command was of considerable concern.
Further Reading:
Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
The Battle for Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915, Roll of Honour
Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920
The Battle for Hill 60
Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
NZ & A Division Report for 27 August 1915
The following is a summary of the events at Hill 60 reported by General Godley in the evening of 27 August 1915.
27th. All quiet during morning. Brigade Headquarters 5th Australian Brigade., & 19th Battalion AIF moved to No.4 Section., releasing 3rd ALH Brigade.
4 p.m. further attack made at Kaiajik Aghala; Brigadier General Russell being in charge with 300 rifles of New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade; 5/88th 250 rifles; 100 rifles each of 17th Battalion and 18th Battalion AIF, 250 rifles 4th Australian Brigade.
4 p.m. assault made, having been preceded by a heavy bombardment, considerable opposition encountered, especially on right by New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade; obtained a firm footing on Hill 60 and Australians got to lower part of Kaiajik Spur.
Positions gained were consolidated during night: enemy made a serious counter attack, their trenches were kept under intermittent fire by our howitzers during night: the top of the hill being in Turkish possession, our troops holding the south west slopes.
The description indicates that while there appears to be a positive gloss on the report, the deficiencies appear glaring. The attack failed to obtain the key objectives leaving the Allied forces exposed on the slopes of the Hill 60 zone.
Further Reading:
Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
The Battle for Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915, Roll of Honour
Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920
The Battle for Hill 60
Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
Turkish Account of 27 August 1915
The following account is extracted from the Turkish General Staff, A Brief History of the Canakkale Campaign in The First Woirld War (June 1914 - January 1916), Ankara, 2004, p. 229.
Turkish units took advantage of the stagnation in the Second Anafartalar Battle, fortified Bombatepe, which was considered to be significant in the 7th Division in terms of tactics, and turned it into a powerful resistance point.
General Cox decided to attack and seize Bombatepe, which had an important role in establishing a contact between the ANZAC troops and the 9th English Corps.
For this attack, an allocated force formed by several units was given under the command of General Cox.
On 27th August at 16:00, the English field and navy artillery heavily beat the Turkish positions at the front of the 7th Turkish Division in the KayacikagiIi section for an hour.
Later, the English infantry, which started an attack from the northern and southern sections of Kayacikagili in three lines as of 17:00, were driven back.
The English units continuing the attack in the direction of Kayacikagili seized some of the positions of the 21st Turkish Regiment in the southwestern sector of Bombatepe.
When the 33rd Turkish Regiment directed its two battalions towards Bombatepe, these battalions could not start a counter-attack due to the intensive fire of the English artillery, although the forward motion of the English was stopped.
At night, some of the positions on Bombatepe changed hands many times during the reciprocal counter-attacks between the 33rd Regiment and the English units.
Further Reading:
Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
The Battle for Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915, Roll of Honour
Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920
The Battle for Hill 60
Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
Turkish Order of Battle, 27 August 1915
The key Turkish formation is the 33rd Infantry Regiment which was part of the 11th Infantry Division raised in the Amanus-Jehan provinces of Turkey.
Originally commanded by Sevki Bey, KIA 27 April 1915, this formation took an active role in the resistance against the Allied forces which had landed at Anzac on 25 April 1915. After this battle, a diary of the battle was discovered in the possession of a dead Turkish officer. The original and accompanying translation made its way to the Australian War Memorial collection although it is believed that many individuals made personal copies of this diary at Gallipoli so it is not surprising that the document has turned up in many private collections.
By 27 August 1915, the 33rd Infantry Regiment was commanded by Rushdi Bey. The Regiment had three battalions and a Machine Gun Company. The 1st Battalion, 33rd Infantry Regiment was commanded by Major Ali Faik.
Further Reading:
Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915
The Battle for Hill 60, Gallipoli, 22 - 23, and 27 August 1915, Roll of Honour
Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920
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