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Thursday, 7 January 2010
12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, AIF, Outline
Topic: AIF - 4B - 12 LHR

12th LHR, AIF

12th Australian Light Horse Regiment

Outline

 

12th Light Horsemen parading through MacQuarrie St, Sydney, April 1915.

[From: The Sydney Mail, 28 April 1915, p. 6.]

 

Formation

The 12th Light Horse Regiment was formed as part of the 4th Australian Light Horse Brigade, 1915, 4th Contingent and attached to the Australian Division. Recruits went to the Liverpool Training Camp to the west of Sydney, New South Wales, from 1 March 1915. The recruits were drawn from throughout New South Wales. Many of the men went from the Light Horse Militia formation into the AIF Light Horse.

 

Training 

 


 12th Light Horse Regiment Routine Order No 1, 23 February 1916

[Note: Earlier Routine Orders were destroyed. Click on page for larger version.]

 

Training for the 12th Light Horse Regiment commenced at the Liverpool Training Camp to the west of Sydney, New South Wales, from 1 March 1915. In addition to this depot, training also occurred at the Holdsworthy Training Camp to the south of Sydney.

 

Embarkation

Embarkation of the 12th Light Horse Regiment was accomplished in two groups using both the HMAT A29 Suevic and HMAT A44 Vestalia from Sydney, New South Wales. 


HMAT A29 Suevic, 1919
 
[See: His Majesty's Australian Transports [HMAT] Ships, A29.

 

The 12th Light Horse Regiment embarked on the HMAT A29 Suevic from Sydney, New South Wales, 13 June 1915.


HMAT A44 Vestalia at Port Melbourne on 6 December 1916
 
[See: His Majesty's Australian Transports [HMAT] Ships, A44.

 

An assortment of men from the 12th Light Horse Regiment took part in a second embarkation on the HMAT A44 Vestalia from Sydney, New South Wales, 22 June 1915.

The 12th Light Horse Regiment sailed to Egypt and disembarked on 23 July 1915.

 

Colour Patch

Initially, the only colour separation of the various Australian mounted troops was by use of the pennant. The marker pennants were carried on poles to mark lines troop lines in camps in Egypt. They were not lance pennants as the Australian lancers had red over white pennants on their lances.

 

Pennant of the 12th Light Horse Regiment

 

While this pennant was useful in distinguishing horse and troop lines, it failed to identify the individual with a unit. The AIF 1st Australian Division Standing Orders issued in December 1914 ordered the Australian Light Horse Regiments to wear a 4 inch wide [10.2cm] blue armband with the regiment name marked on the band in black lettering.

The earlier systems proved to be ineffective so to assist with identification of the men in the various units within the AIF, Divisional Order No 81 (A) Administration was issued at Mena on 8 March 1915 detailing the Colour Patch for the 12th Light Horse Regiment as others received their colours. The colour patch was made of cloth 1¼ inches wide and 2¾ inches long and worn on the sleeve one inch below the shoulder seam.

 

First 12th Light Horse Regiment Colour Patch
 
 
The first colour patch for the 12th Light Horse Regiment was a downward facing oblong with white over red. This was worn by the men from the renamed 12th Light Horse Regiment became the 2nd Camel Regiment.
 
 

Second 12th Light Horse Regiment Colour Patch

 

The reformed 12th Light Horse Regiment as part of the 4th Australian Light Horse Brigade, Australian Mounted Division, carried the blue Brigade colour as the lower triangle part of the colour patch, while the black unit colour was on the top. This is illustrated with the above presentation.

 

Aden

During the voyage to Egypt, the part of the 12th Light Horse Regiment travelling on the HMAT A29 Suevic was diverted to Aden and landed on 12 July 1916 to bolster the defences of the British garrison which was under pressure from Yemeni tribesmen who were threatening an attack. By 18 July no attack had occurred and the threat diminished allowing the Regiment re-embarked to Egypt.

 

Gallipoli

As mounted troops, the Light Horse was considered to be unsuitable for work in Gallipoli. The mounted troops volunteered to operate as infantry. Because of the level of casualties at Gallipoli, the 12th Light Horse Regiment was broken up on 26 August 1915 with squadrons being allotted to other Regiments as reinforcements.

"A" Squadron became "D" Squadron,  1st Australian Light Horse Regiment.

"B" Squadron became "D" Squadron, 7th Australian Light Horse Regiment.

"C" Squadron became "D" Squadron, 6th Australian Light Horse Regiment.

The various squadrons of the Regiment were deployed on primarily defensive activities throughout the stay at Gallipoli. The various squadrons of the 12th Light Horse Regiment left the peninsula during December 1915.

 

Defence of Egypt

After the return to Egypt, on 19 February 1916, the 12th Light Horse Regiment reformed and re-equipped. On 28 February 1916, the 12th Light Horse Regiment moved to the Suez Canal taking part in its defence. The work was hot and monotonous.

 

Sinai

After many months service in the Sinai, during September 1916 the 12th Light Horse Regiment was redesignated as the 2nd Camel Regiment. The Regiment continued to see further service in the Sinai. 

 

Palestine

During the reorganisation of the Light Horse Divisions, the Regiment resumed its old identity as the 12th Light Horse Regiment in February 1917. The 12th Light Horse Regiment became part of the 4th Light Horse Brigade in the Imperial Mounted Division and then Australian Mounted Division.

The 12th Light Horse Regiment  took part in the Second Battle of Gaza on 19 April 1917 and suffered the heaviest casualties since Gallipoli.

The 12th Light Horse Regiment, the Regiment took part in the Battle of Beersheba. Fame for the Regiment was achieved when, in conjunction with the 4th Light Horse Regiment, charged and took Beersheba, thereby sealing victory on that day for the Allied forces. 

See: Men who possibly charged at Beersheba - 12th LHR

The 12th Light Horse Regiment then took part in the follow up actions that lasted until early January 1918.

From this time onwards, for the next two months, the 12th Light Horse Regiment remained in continuous combat action until relieved for three months refit and training at Deir el Belah from early January 1918.

In early April 1918, the 12th Light Horse Regiment moved into the Jordan Valley and took part in the invasion of Moab and took Es Salt during the action of 30 April – 4 May 1918. Unfortunately, due to a Turkish attack on the lines of communication which was being defended by 4th Light Horse Brigade, this raid nearly turned into a disaster where the Turkish forces almost cut off the Australian Mounted Division in the hills.


Megiddo

In a move that converted the Light Horse into full cavalry, the Australian Mounted Division was issued with swords during August and early September 1917. The Australian Mounted Division went to work training with swords and undertaking cavalry work.

On 19 September 1918 the Battle of Megiddo began. The infantry over ran the Turkish defensive trenches allowing the cavalry to debouch into the Turkish hinterland. The 12th Light Horse Regiment participated in the breakthrough which moved rapidly through the north of Palestine. At the end of the first week, it was obvious that the way to Damascus was open and so a second push occurred on the heels of the first assault. On 1 October 1918, Damascus was taken.

After a rest in Damascus, the 12th Light Horse Regiment moved towards Homs when the Turks surrendered on 30 October 1918.

 

Return to Australia

After the conclusion of hostilities, the 12th Light Horse Regiment was marked to return to Australia. Prior to that action, one of the saddest actions occurred for the Australian Lighthorsemen, they had to farewell their best friends, the horses. All the Light Horse unit horses' health was ascertained with the fit horses being transferred to the Indian Cavalry while those in poor condition were destroyed by the Veterinary units.

On 13 March 1919 the 12th Light Horse Regiment was deployed  to assist in suppressing the Egyptian Uprising. When the revolt collapsed, the 12th Light Horse Regiment embarked on the 17 July 1919 for the long voyage to Australia where the unit was disbanded. 


Commanding Officers

Lieutenant Colonel Percy Phipps Abbott
Lieutenant Colonel John Robinson Royston
Lieutenant Colonel Harold McIntosh
Lieutenant Colonel Donald Cameron
Lieutenant Colonel Philip Arthur Chambers
 

Decorations earned by the 12th Light Horse Regiment

  • 3 DSO - Distinguished Service Orders
  • 5 MC & 1 Bar - Military Crosses
  • 9 DCM & 1 Bar - Distinguished Conduct Medals
  • 14 MM- Military Medals
  • 17 MID - Mentioned in Despatches

 

Campaigns

Gallipoli

  • Sari Bair
  • Gallipoli 1915-1916

Egypt

  • Defence of Egypt

Palestine

  • Second Battle of Gaza
  • Third Battle of Gaza
  • Beersheba
  • El Mughar
  • Nebi Samwill
  • Jerusalem
  • Jericho
  • Es Salt
  • Megiddo
  • Sharon
  • Palestine 1917-1918

 

Casualties suffered by the 12th Light Horse Regiment

  • 53 killed
  • 401 wounded


War Diary

The Australian War Memorial has put these on line and may be accessed here:

12th Light Horse Regiment War Diaries.

 

Embarkations:

The following list details all the embarkations in support of the 12th Light Horse Regiment, AIF, during the Great War. Each entry details to formation and the ships on which the units embarked with the date and place of embarkation. The detail of the formation is linked to a list of men who embarked upon that ship on the specific date.

Headquarters Section Suevic Group 

Headquarters Section Vestalia Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A29 Suevic 13 June 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A44 Vestalia 22 June 1915

"A" Squadron Suevic Group 

"A" Squadron Vestalia Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A29 Suevic 13 June 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A44 Vestalia 22 June 1915

"B" Squadron Suevic Group

"B" Squadron Vestalia Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A29 Suevic 13 June 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A44 Vestalia 22 June 1915

"C" Squadron Suevic Group

"C" Squadron Vestalia Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A29 Suevic 13 June 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A44 Vestalia 22 June 1915

Machine Gun Section

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A29 Suevic 13 June 1915

1st Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A40 Ceramic 25 June 1915

2nd Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A51 Chilka 7 June 1915

3rd Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A54 Runic 9 August 1915

4th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A8 Argyllshire 30 September 1915

5th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A32 Themistocles 5 October 1915

6th Reinforcements Moldavia Group

6th Reinforcements Hawkes Bay Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board RMS Moldavia 2 October 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board SS Hawkes Bay 21 October 1915

7th Reinforcements Hawkes Bay Group

7th Reinforcements Uganda Group 

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A66 Uganda 20 November 1915

Sydney, New South Wales on board SS Hawkes Bay 21 October 1915

8th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A10 Karroo 5 May 1916

9th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A20 Hororata 2 May 1916

10th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board RMS Mongolia 8 July 1916

11th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A25 Anglo-Egyptian 19 September 1916

12th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A58 Kabinga 12 September 1916

13th Reinforcements

Melbourne, Victoria on board HMAT A6 Clan Mccorquodale 19 September 1916

18th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A15 Port Sydney 9 May 1917

19th Reinforcements Port Lincoln Group

19th Reinforcements Kyarra Group 

19th Reinforcements Commonwealth Group

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A17 Port Lincoln 11 June 1917

Melbourne, Victoria on board HMAT A55 Kyarra 7 September 1917

Melbourne, Victoria on board HMAT A73 Commonwealth 2 November 1917

20th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A55 Kyarra 3 September 1917

21st Reinforcements 

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A55 Kyarra 3 September 1917

22nd Reinforcements 

Melbourne, Victoria on board HMAT A73 Commonwealth 2 November 1917

23rd Reinforcements 

Sydney, New South Wales on board SS Canberra 16 November 1917

14th Light Horse Regiment, 33rd Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board SS Canberra 16 November 1917

14th Light Horse Regiment, 34th Reinforcements

Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A38 Ulysses 19 December 1917

Note: Since the 14th Light Horse Regiment had been disbanded in Britain during September 1916, the Reinforcement cohorts were absorbed directly into the 12th Light Horse Regiment.

 

See: Troop transport ships for information and photographs about the various ships employed in transporting the troops to Egypt.

 

Acknowledgement: Many thanks to Steve Becker who has provided much useful assistance in the construction of this page.

 

Further Reading:

12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, AIF

12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, Roll of Honour 

Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920

 


Citation: 12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, AIF, Outline

Posted by Project Leader at 12:01 AM EAST
Updated: Sunday, 10 January 2010 12:48 PM EAST
The Battle of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, 25 April 1915, 2nd Infantry Brigade Signals - No. 25
Topic: BatzG - Anzac

The Battle of Anzac Cove

Gallipoli, 25 April 1915

2nd Infantry Brigade Signals - No. 25

 

2nd Infantry Brigade, AIF, Signals - No. 25

 

The following is a transcription of the Signal No. 25 of the 2nd Infantry Brigade, AIF, which forms part of a series which illustrates the chaos and problems experienced in executing their role in the landings at Anzac on 25 April 1915.

 
Aust Div

KB 28 25/4/15 AAA

Begins:

Have ordered eighth Battn to leave one coy on knoll above 224 R or W and remainder of Battn to come in on enemy's left AAA This will leave about five hundred yards unguarded but position of sixth is critical

Ends.

2 AIB

224 R5

1.45 pm

Previous: 2nd Infantry Brigade Signals - No. 24

Next: 2nd Infantry Brigade Signals - No. 26

 

Further Reading:

The Battle of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, 25 April 1915

The Battle of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, 25 April 1915, 2nd Infantry Brigade, Roll of Honour 

The Battle of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, 25 April 1915, AIF, Roll of Honour 

Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920

 


Citation: The Battle of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, 25 April 1915, 2nd Infantry Brigade Signals - No. 25

Posted by Project Leader at 12:01 AM EAST
Updated: Thursday, 8 April 2010 6:49 PM EADT
Wednesday, 6 January 2010
Egyptian Expeditionary Force, Double Squadrons, Contents
Topic: AIF - Double Sqns
Egyptian Expeditionary Force

Double Squadrons

Contents

 

Items

Double Squadrons
Double Squadron - Units
Australian Light Horse Order of Battle - Outline  
Imperial Camel Corps - units

1st Australian Light Horse Brigade

2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade

3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade

  

 

Further Reading:

Double Squadrons

 


Citation: Egyptian Expeditionary Force,  Double Squadrons, Contents

Posted by Project Leader at 12:01 AM EAST
Updated: Saturday, 24 July 2010 6:07 PM EADT
12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, Roll of Honour
Topic: AIF - 4B - 12 LHR

12th LHR, AIF

12th Australian Light Horse Regiment

Roll of Honour


Poppies on the Roll of Honour, Australian War Memorial, Canberra

 

The Roll of Honour contains the names of all the men known to have served at one time with the 12th Light Horse Regiment and gave their lives in service of Australia, whether as part of the 12th Light Horse Regiment or another unit.

 

Roll of Honour

 

John Henry ASHER, Killed in Action, 2 September 1917.

Arthur George AUSTIN, Died of Disease, 17 November 1918 .

Charles David AUSTIN, Killed in Action, 17 April 1917 .

 

 

Owen Cressy BARRY, Killed in Action, 11 May 1918.

Jack BEAZLEY, Killed in Action 31 October 1917

Stanley Patrick BIRMINGHAM, Died of Disease, 25 October 1918.

Frank Edward BLACK, Died of Disease, 26 December 1915.

Thomas Murray BOYD, Killed in Action, 30 September 1917.

William BRADBURY, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Thomas Walton BUCK, Killed in Action, 22 November 1915.

Colin Brodie BULL, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Harry BUNYAN, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

 

 

Allan Begbie CAMPBELL, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

Daniel James CAMPBELL, Died of Accident, 22 April 1917.

Bute Alfred CHARTERS, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Stanley Francis CHIPPINDALE, Died of Wounds, 17 August 1916.

David Goodlett CLARK, Killed in Action, 22 November 1917.

Joseph CLEMENTS, Died of Wounds, 13 September 1915.

Allen Sydney Newell COLES, Died of Disease, 17 October 1918.

Harry Rex George COLEY, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Stanley Victor COOK, Died of Disease, 25 October 1918.

George Herbert COOKE, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Herbert Harold COOPER, Died of Disease, 25 Fabruary 1917.

John Ward COOPER, Died of Disease, 31 March 1917.

William James CORBETT, Died of Disease, 23 March 1919.

Albert COTTER, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Ernest James CRAGGS, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Eric William CRIPPS, Died of Disease, 11 October 1918.

Claude (Harold) CRITTENDEN, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

Norman Russell CROUCH, Died of Wounds, 13 Fabruary 1917.

Sydney James CROZIER, Died of Wounds, 29 March 1918.

 

 

Evan DAVIES, Died of Disease, 12 January 1919.

Ejgie De NEERGAARD, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Charles Ernest DOWNEY, Died of Accident, 25 April 1919.

Timothy DOYLE, Died of Wounds, 13 September 1916.

William James DUNBAR, Killed in Action, 7 November 1917.

 

 

Charles Henry EDGEWORTH, Killed in Action, 9 November 1915.

Gordon James EDWARDS, Died of Disease, 26 November 1918.

Henry John EDWARDS, Died of Disease, 23 May 1918.

Rupert Harry Adams EDWARDS, Killed in Action, 28 April 1917.

 

 

John Henry FIELDING, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Henry FITZGERALD, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

William Thomas FLOOD, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Frederick Francis FORD, Died of Wounds, 23 November 1917.

 

 

Ronald Charles GILLHAM, Killed in Action, 31 August 1918.

Gordon Charles GOOCH, Died of Wounds, 10 November 1915.

Walter Bede GREENHALGH, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Cecil Harcourt GROVE, Killed in Action, 10 November 1917.

Cecil George Joseph GUMMOW, Died of Disease, 14 August 1918.

Herbert Henry GYLER, Died of Wounds, 11 Fabruary 1917.

 

 

John Murray HALL, Died of Wounds, 12 November 1915.

Walter Sydney HARVISON, Died of Disease, 3 November 1918.

Cecil Thomas HILLS, Died of Wounds, 3 November 1917.

Oliver Ashover HIND, Killed in Action, 3 November 1917 .

John HOGAN, Died of Disease, 21 October 1918.

Hugh Cyprian HOLDEN, Killed in Action, 23 November 1915.

William HOLLAND, Killed in Action, 29 September 1915.

Percy Alva HOLLIDAY, Died of Accident, 21 July 1916.

Robert Clive HUNTER, Killed in Action, 13 June 1916.

 

 

Robert Luff ISAAC, Killed in Action, 29 September 1915.

 

 

George Whiting KELLY, Died of Wounds, 3 December 1917.

Frank Claude KENNIFF, Died of Disease, 23 August 1918.

James Murray KILPATRICK, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Harold KINGSTON, Died of Disease, 30 October 1918.

 

 

Claude William LAMBERT, Killed in Action, 27 November 1915.

Augustus Hubert Neville LEWIS, Died of Disease, 27 April 1917.

Wallace Hepburn LORIMER, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

William James Hamilton LOWE, Killed in Action, 28 August 1918.

 

 

Frank Raymond MASSIE, Died of Disease, 15 October 1918.

Alexander Robert MATHESON, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

James John McCAULEY, Killed in Action, 9 November 1915.

Patrick McFARLAND, Died of Disease, 15 September 1915.

William Anthony McGINTY, Died of Disease, 22 April 1916.

Colin Dugald McINNES, Died of Wounds, 13 November 1915, and subsequently buried at sea.

Harold McINTOSH, Died of Wounds, 24 April 1917.

William James McLEAN, Died of Disease, 6 November 1918.

Duncan Victor MULHOLLAND, Died of Wounds, 31 May 1918.

Frederick Mozart MURRAY, Died of Wounds, 30 September 1915, and subsequently buried at sea.

Reginald Hainsworth MUSGROVE, Killed in Action, 9 November 1915.

 

 

Alfred Ernest NEAVES, Died of Wounds, 3 September 1915.

Ejgie (Ejgil) NEERGAARD, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

August Charles Frederick NEUMANN, Died of Wounds, 22 April 1917.

John Samuel NIAU, Killed in Action, 30 April 1918.

Gilbert NORRIS, Killed in Action, 3 May 1917.

 

 

Urban PARR, Killed in Action, 12 October 1917.

Reginald Darcy PECK, Died of Disease, 22 October 1918.

Maurice James PENSON, Died of Wounds, 18 November 1917.

 

 

Harry Hancock RATHBONE, Killed in Action, 19 April 1917.

George Henry RICHARDS, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Arthur Lester Reeves RIDLEY, Killed in Action, 9 April 1917.

Ernest Ambrose ROBERTS, Killed in Action, 17 September 1915.

William Richard ROYAL, Died of Disease, 18 April 1916.

 

 

John James SAINSBURY, Killed in Action, 12 November 1917.

Frederick James SANDERS, Died of Wounds, 22 April 1917.

Clifford SMITH, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Joseph William SMITH, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Lionel Thomas Watson SMITH, Killed in Action, 5 August 1916.

Charles Leslie STONE, Died of Disease, 29 October 1918.

 

 

Eric Fullerton TAIT, Killed in Action, 20 September 1917.

Albert James TERRY, Killed in Action, 25 September 1918.

Alfred John THORNE, Killed in Action, 9 November 1915.

Harold THORNTON, Killed in Action, 11 April 1917.

 

 

Jack WALL, Killed in Action, 25 September 1918.

George Henry WALLER, Killed in Action, 27 November 1915.

William Charles WARD, Died of Wounds, 19 April 1917.

Walter Norman WATT, Killed in Action, 30 September 1915.

Robert Henry WEIR, Died of Wounds, 22 May 1917.

Edwin WEST, Killed in Action, 28 November 1915.

Herbert Walker WEST, Killed in Action, 25 September 1918.

Mervyn WESTGARTH, Died of Disease, 9 December 1918.

William George Phillips WHILDON, Killed in Action, 9 January 1917.

Russell Gordon WITTS, Died of Disease, 2 November 1918.

Mervyn Cyrnos WOODD, Killed in Action, 31 October 1917.

Cedric WYNDHAM, Killed in Action, 12 December 1917.

 

Lest We Forget

 

Acknowledgement: Many thanks to Steve Becker who provided much of the raw material that appears in this item.
 

Further Reading:

12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, AIF

Battles where Australians fought, 1899-1920

 


Citation: 12th Australian Light Horse Regiment, Roll of Honour

Posted by Project Leader at 12:01 AM EAST
Updated: Friday, 8 January 2010 5:52 PM EAST
Tasmania, 1914, Contents
Topic: Gen - St - Tas

Tasmania, 1914

Contents

 

Items

Brighton and Pontville, Tasmania

Infantry parading at Pontville 

"Fall in", 93rd Derwent Infantry Regiment  

Brighton and Pontville Camps, Tasmania 

 

 

 

 

Further Reading:

Tasmania, 1914

 


Citation: Tasmania, 1914, Contents

Posted by Project Leader at 12:01 AM EAST
Updated: Saturday, 24 July 2010 6:07 PM EADT

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